Holism, Atomism, Morality

The Subject-Object relation is fundamentally Epistemological, and Epistemology is fundamentally a Subjective process.  So, to classify Spinoza as an Objectivist is still Subjectivist.  Thus, more accurate, is that he is a Holist, whereas the systems of most of his peers in the era is Atomist.  His Substance-Mode relation is that of Whole-Part, so accordingly, his 'Intuition of God' is the awareness of a Mode that it is a part of the whole.  Knowledge is Holistic, so that the shortcoming, which he calls 'inadequacy' of most perceptions, including sensations, is that they present only parts of a whole, and that error consists in taking a Part as a Whole.  Similarly, the shortcoming of Pleasures is that they are only parts of a whole Good, and behavior or Moral error consists in treating as if they were sufficient as motivation.  Thus, the 'Intuition of God' in his doctrine is liberating because the awareness of the Whole frees behavior from an erroneous perceptions of external influences, facilitating control over how to proceed.  So, his Ethics is opposed to both the predominant Rationalist and Empiricist varieties of Atomist Morality.  For example, Kant's Atomist Rationalism consists in an individual person conceiving themselves as an Instance of a Universal, not as a Part of a Whole.  Thus, the irony of his charge that Spinoza's virtuous Part is deficient in Happiness is that, to the contrast, it is his virtuous Atom who is so deficient, i. e. because it can never experience the exhilaration of discovering that it is part of Whole, the alienation from which is only inadequately compensated for by a divine reward. Likewise, the Utilitarian Good is constituted by the aggregate of individual Pleasures, not their harmony as a Whole, i. e. as Health.  Plus, Mill's elusive distinction between 'higher' and 'lower' Pleasure is easy to explain as that between a Holist Pleasure vs. a localized Pleasure.  But, as is typical of most of its peers, Rationalist and Empiricist, Utilitarianism, as Atomist, cannot accommodate Holist elements, even those that afford simple solutions to vexing problems.