Wednesday, October 9, 2019

Acting on a Maxim and Rational Will

To Act on a Maxim is also to instantiate it.  In other words, in Technical Reason, and, more generally, in Prescriptive Reason, Actualization and Instantiation are one and the same.  Thus, while the conclusion of the traditional Practical Syllogism is an Imperative of some kind, that of the Technical Syllogism is not; rather, it is an Action of which the Prescription that it actualizes is a Universal.  So, the basic unit of Rational behavior is an actualization of some Prescription, such as a Maxim.  Now, Kant seems to be arguing that in some cases, Acting on a Maxim is not Rational, i. e.  when a Maxim is not Universalizable.  But, a Maxim is already Universal, and Acting upon any Maxim does incorporate Reason to instantiate it.  So, Kant's Moral test is not so much that a Maxim can or cannot become Universal, but that it can or cannot become a Law, which all obey.  Still, this calculation is merely heuristic, and, hence, involves no Causality.  Nor does the Imperative that one choose a Maxim on the basis of that calculation involve Causality, even though it is Categorical, the Deontic correlate of Necessity.  For, as Kant himself acknowledges, one is always still free to disobey the results of the calculation, and to adopt a Maxim that is 'forbidden'.  So, the only Causality of Prescriptive Reason occurs when a Maxim, forbidden or otherwise, is enacted.  Thus, insofar as Will is a kind of Causality, the only Rational Will is that which enacts a Maxim.  Kant attempts to attribute volition to the elevation of a Maxim to the status of Law, but such volition is only Virtual.

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