Saturday, August 10, 2019

Socrates and Logos

Birth of Tragedy is primarily a study of comparative Aesthetics--Ancient Greek Tragedy with Wagnerian Opera--that becomes Philosophically relevant because of the role of 'Socrates' in it.  But this 'Socrates' is not as conscientiously presented as much of the rest of the work.  For, as signifying 'detached observation', this 'Socrates' is based on the character in Plato's dialogues, rather than on the historical Socrates, who could easily be cast as a Tragic hero, i. e. with his accusers as the Chorus.  Furthermore, Nietzsche does not consider that Detached Observation might be subject to its own genealogy.  For example, it can be analyzed as the product of a fracturing of the Logos, as has been previously discussed here.  On that basis, Socrates can be conceived as internalizing the Principle of Sufficient Reason, i. e. as a criterion for evaluating knowledge claims, rather than as internalizing the Dualism that is expressed in Detached Observation.  In later years, Nietzsche seems to repudiate his Schopenhauer-influenced Dualism of this period.  But it is unclear if he ever recovers the pre-Platonist Socrates.

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