Wednesday, August 14, 2019

Reality and Dualism

A disciple of Parmenides, Zeno uses Dialectic to demonstrate the non-Reality of each of the antithesis of the The One--Motion and Multiplicity.  Now, Motion and Multiplicity are united in the process of Emanation, which, beyond the unitary source, is a becoming multiple. Accordingly, the Neoplatonists, who are, hence, neo-Parmenideans, distinguish The One from subsequent phases, one characterization of which is the Logos, thereby creating a Dualism that is less the Parmenidean Real vs. non-Real, more the standard Dualism of Real vs. inferior, with the Logos in the latter realm.  But, as is evident in any consideration of a plain example of Emanation, e. g. light from a light-source, what is Real is a continuum of light-source and light-ray.  Accordingly, what is non-Real, i. e. a product of mere analysis, is the severing of source and its expression.  Thus, the irreality of Dualism is not one of its terms, but the Duality itself.  Telling in the Neoplatonist Dualism is the severing of the 'Logos' from The One, which is equivalent to the severing within the pre-Parmenidean Logos of consequences from the Principle of Sufficient Reason.  The doctrine thus illustrates how Platonism, not Socratism, which adheres to the Principle of Sufficient Reason, is the decisive development in Ancient Philosophy, i. e. Dualism.

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