Friday, July 2, 2010
Eternal Recurrence and Superman
Nietzsche's concept of 'Superman' has almost as little to do with the Nazi 'Aryan blond beast' physical ideal as it does with the American comic and film hero. Rather, it can be defined as 'the being that conducts itself on the basis of the affirmation of Eternal Recurrence'. Thus, the 'super'-strength of this entity is primarily psychological--it is the product of a transcendence of the all-too-human susceptibility to Ressentiment, as well as of other inabilities, e. g. escapist, to assume the past and all its disappointments and suffering. It is crucial to note that by 'superman', Nietzsche does not mean 'supernatural', which, on his diagnosis, is ultimately a product of Ressentiment against Nature. Instead, he intends by the idea a superior natural entity, one which the characterization 'more highly evolved' might be appropriate, if it were not for a range of Darwinian connotations from which Nietzsche explicitly distances himself. So, what is especially un-Nietzschean about a refugee from Krypton is that his superiority is not a product of a concerted effort to overcome his human nature. And, among the many un-Nietzschean features of the Nazi ideal is its recourse to extermination in order to deal with what it cannot endure.
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