Interest, Individual, Species

Since Hobbes' concept of a 'war of all against all' threatens both the human species and its individual members, his Leviathan conduces to the survival of each.  However, Individual and Species interests are not always co-extensive, e. g. reproductive sterility or barrenness is potentially fatal to the latter, but not to the former.  Likewise, short-sighted Economic or Environmental policy can be beneficial to an individual, at the expense of the species.  More generally, long-term structural sustainability can be a relevant factor in a Political Philosophy based on Species survival, though not in that of the Individual, thereby determining a preference of system, e. g. the Rule of Law offers greater potential stability than does a hierarchy dependent on personality, so, a Constitutional Democracy is superior to a Monarchy or an Oligarchy.  Likewise, a methodology that begins with the interests of the Individual is arbitrary, which the elevation to a Rational correlate does not necessarily correct, if Spinoza's and Kant's concepts of the Rational Individual are any indication, i. e. the scope of their principles is primarily that of extant individuals.  So, perhaps, the first decision that any Political Philosophy needs to make is one of orientation--the interests of the Individual, or those of the Species.