Philosophy of History and Evolvementalism

While History offers a narrative of events, a Philosophy of History presents a theory of the grounds and structure of any such narrative. There have been three main theories of Historical structure--ascent, descent, and circular, and for millennia their contents were cosmic or natural events. The emergence of the Philosophy of specifically Human History began with the work of Vico, a circular theory, and Kant soon proposed a teleological, perhaps Messianic, scheme of the development of Humanity. For Hegel, the appearance, in History, of a Philosophy of History is a moment of self-awareness that signals that History is the Dialectical ascent of Rational Spirit. Marx appropriates Dialecticism, but rejects Spiritualism, positing Materialism as the motor of Human History, with the conflict of Economic Classes as the Dialectical forces, and with the dawning of Class Consciousness as the pivotal moment. Marx thus inherits a theory of History that, despite his Materialistic variation of it, remains of an exclusively Human History. In contrast, the other main 19th-Century Philosophy of History, Evolutionary Theory, is of Natural events, in which Human History is merely a special case. In contrast with both, Evolvementalism entails a Philosophy of Natural History, in which Human History is unique phase, the main theme of which is the emergence of the Individual, in which the awareness of one's Particularity qua Particularity is a transformative moment.