Saturday, November 2, 2019

Epistemology and Theology

In Spinoza's doctrine, the source of the Parts of experience is the Senses, and the source of the Whole of experience is Reason.  A third faculty is Intuition, the object of which is "God".  Now, in his doctrine, God and Nature are one and the same.  Furthermore, there are two aspects of Nature--'nature naturing', i. e. creating, and 'nature natured, i. e. created.  So, the Whole that is the object of Reason is Nature qua created, while Nature qua creating is the object of Intuition.  But, this divine force is immanent, not transcendent, so the Intuition of it by a Mode can only be the Mode's awareness of its own divine creating, or, equivalently, the self-awareness of Nature/God.  In the 19th-century, variations of this awareness begin to emerge in Philosophical systems, e. g. Schopenhauer's Will, Bergson's Elan Vital, etc.  But prior to that, such an Intuition of God has no analogue in the Epistemological theories of the era, primarily because in the dualistic Theology that predominates, the deity is transcendent, and, hence, is knowable, if at all, by inference.  In other words, Epistemology is not an autonomous field of study, but is determined by Theology, i. e. whether or not there is such a faculty as Spinoza's Intuition, is a function of whether or not there is such a thing as an immanent divine creative process.

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