Wednesday, August 15, 2018
Capitalism, Rationality, Utilitarianism.
As has been previously discussed, whether or not he recognizes it, Passion functions for Hume as a Principle of Sufficient Reason, and, thus, as, in fact, subordinate to it. Accordingly, his concept of Reason that he subordinates to Passion, i. e. a Causal connection employed as a Means to an End, is only a limited and localized variety. Now, Spinoza and Kant are among those who conceive Reason as not merely superior to Passion as an intra-personal faculty, but as a super-personal power that is common to each person. But, while Smith's Invisible Hand is likewise super-personal, it lacks connection to intra-personal Reason in his system. So, Mill's Utilitarianism can be conceived as a Rational correction to Capitalism, in which the General Happiness replaces personal Profit-Maximization as the ultimate goal of behavior, though it might include the latter. Thus, for example, selling a product in order to both turn a profit and benefit a customer does not meet the approval of Smith, but could earn Mill's.
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