Will, Morality, Interpretation

While Nietzsche's formulation, 'There are no moral phenomena, only moral interpretations of phenomena', may be original, Spinoza's concept of Moral Evaluation exemplifies it two centuries earlier. Regardless, that Interpretation, for Nietzsche, imposes form on its object, exhibits how Moral Evaluation, and Will to Power, in general, are 'form-imposing' processes. However, Nietzsche's formulation also exposes a limitation of his concept of Morality. For, 'X is good' can be more than an interpretation of X--it can be an exhortation to perform X, and, hence, it can entail causality other than Formal. For example, Moral Evaluation for Spinoza is an Efficient Cause, while here, insofar as it initiates action, it entails Material Causality, i. e. Will. In other words, Nietzsche seems to miss that Morality not only interprets phenomena, but can be the source of phenomena, as well, and, more generally, that Will to Power can empower. Genealogical analysis explains that oversight--the ancestor of Nietzsche's concept of Interpretation is not Spinoza's activating Adequate Idea, but Schopenhauer's action-neutralizing Representation.