Knowledge and Relativism

What Berkeley shows is not that Primary Qualities are Secondary Qualities, but that they are characteristics of a relation between Subject and Object, including, usually implicitly, that they are moving at the same Velocity, i. e. that the Object appears as 'at rest', a characteristic that is usually not noted.  Likewise, colors, sounds, etc.  are modifications of that relation.  In other words, he shows, unwittingly, that the fundamental thesis of Empiricism is that Knowledge of Objects is based on a relation between Subject and Object, a relation that is originally sensory.  At the same, entailed in the thesis is also the converse--that Knowledge of the Subject is Knowledge of its relations to Objects.  This concept of Self-Knowledge is explicitly expressed in Kant's Refutation of Idealism in the B edition of the 1st Critique, and is implicit in Hume's concept of Self as a Bundle of Perceptions--in which the content of each Perception is some Object of Perception.  Now, this Relativist concept of Perception also exposes the flaw in most concepts of Reflection.  For, it demonstrates that the Object of Reflection is a Subject-Object relation, and not the mere Subject itself.  Thus, for example, Sartre's concept of Reflection as an infinite hall of mirrors is groundless.  Likewise no more than heuristic is the Newtonian concept of Absolute Motion, i. e. because the Motion of an object cannot be determined independent of reference to that of any other object.