Thursday, January 11, 2018

Concrescence, Primary Causality, Sufficient Causality

The entire given Universe is ingredient in a Whiteheadian Concrescence, but to varying degrees of relevance.  So, to focus on the most relevant ingredient in such a Process, the term Primary Cause can be used.  Most usages of 'cause', in both common parlance and specialized contexts, signify a Primary Cause, and it can apply to any one of the four Aristotelian Causes, as well as to a Proximate Cause, though a Proximate Cause, e. g. the last stage of a mechanical, is not necessarily the Primary Cause of what ensues.  Now, a Primary Cause is not necessarily a Sufficient Cause, and, if Whitehead is correct about other factors always being involved, then it never completely suffices.  However, knowledge of what results from a Primary Cause in combination with other factors is possible.  Thus, Spinoza is mistaken when he seemingly equates Adequate Idea with Adequate Cause, i. e. the latter suffices to produce an Effect, but the former can consist in the knowledge of a variety of ingredients in the generation of an Effect, only part of which is the Primary Cause.

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