Specialization, Labor, Unity

The flaw, previously discussed. in Smith's apparent transition from Specialization to Division of Labor is illustrated in a perhaps unlikely place--Thus Spoke Zarathustra, by someone who some conceive to be a champion of Capitalism. There, in the chapter 'On Redemption', Nietzsche characterizes the Specialist as an 'inverse cripple', and an aggregate of inverse cripples as fragmentary. Likewise, there is no Division of Labor without a preceding unifying concept of a labor force, which, in turn, requires a comprehensive vision of all the needs that must be served by the production of goods. Plato, though not Smith, nor, apparently, Marx, offers such a vision, in the absence of which both Capitalism and Socialism are groundless.