Monism, Pluralism, Dualism

The standard Monist-Pluralist contrast of Spinoza and Leibniz connotes that the former recognizes the existence of one entity, while the latter, many entities.  But, underlying that Pluralism is a Creator-Creature Dualism that Leibniz shares with the other 'Rationalist' of the tradition, Descartes, as well as, correspondingly, a Mind-Body Dualism. Similarly, unlike those Rationalists, Spinoza is not an Epistemological Dualist.  For, his primary distinction in that respect is Adequate Idea and Inadequate Idea, with two varieties of the former--Intuition and Reason--while Inadequate is, more properly, Semi-Adequate.  So the difference between Reason and Sense for Spinoza is not, as it is for Descartes and Leibniz, absolutely Dualistic.  But perhaps the most important distinction between Spinoza and the other two is that his concept of Reason is fundamentally Practical, i. e. he conceives it as identical to Will, while for them, Cognition-Volition is another manifestation of the Theological Dualism.  In other words, for Spinoza, Reason is fundamentally Techne, which also explains why he, unlike Descartes and Leibniz, can extend it to a Political Philosophy.