Will and Power-Increase

Spinoza conceives an increase in power as a greater approximation to perfection, and as a decrease in passivity. One shortcoming of those formulations is that they cannot accommodate the increase in power entailed in most learning experiences, which are usually comprised of the surpassing of achieved perfection, e. g. learning to dribble a basketball combines a mastery of running and a mastery of bouncing a ball. In contrast, here, any increase in power presupposes an irreducible quantum of Will, with increase not limited a priori to some maximum. So, to avoid the arguably teleological limitations of his concept of power-increase, Spinoza could, similarly, jettison the perfectionism of his ontology, and develop his own thesis that even the most passive behavior entails an minimum active component, i. e. he could re-conceive his passive-active contrast as less active-more active.