Monday, September 23, 2019

Sufficient Reason and Behavior

The Principle of Sufficient Reason has usually been in the service of Knowledge, i. e. in the seeking of an explanation of why something that exists does exist.  Hence, in that context, the Principle is that of, more precisely, Theoretical Reason.  But, it can also be applied to the production of an existent, e. g. to behavior, in which context Principle of Sufficient Practical, or Technical, Reason is a more accurate formulation.  Now, there is nothing new in the determination of why an action should occur rather than not occur--the name for such a determination has been Ethics or Morality.  In such a context, a Moral or Ethical principle functions as a Principle of Sufficient Reason, though it has rarely been characterized as such.  Accordingly, Reason is therein at the service of a Moral or Ethical principle, or, in other words, functions heteronomously, as Hume and others insist.  But there is one case in which Reason can function autonomously--when Rationality is itself the fundamental principle, i. e. seeking to produce behavior that is rational for its own sake. That Autonomy is Kant's ambition--his Principle of Pure Practical Reason aims for the production of rational behavior, defined as 'universalizable'.  So, his principle can also be characterized as a Principle of Sufficient Practical Reason, a response to Hume's subordination of Reason.  However, its purity is arguably compromised when, like Descartes with his Method, Kant turns Reason to Theological use.

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