Using Language

That a dog can respond to the sound "ball" by fetching a ball is no indication that it can use the English language, nor that the issuer can, either, i. e. any other oral signal might have been equally effective.  Thus, Wittgenstein's call-and-response scenario, in #2 of the Investigations, does not necessarily involve the use of the German or English Language, and, hence, is not necessarily a Language-Game involving either of them.  Furthermore, that "block" from the assistant might be nothing more than mechanical mimicry of an issuance from the builder, suggests that it might not be an instance of Naming, and, hence, does not suffice, contrary to what Wittgenstein proposes in #7, to distinguish the scenario as a Language-Game.  In contrast, the assistant's "yes, sir" in response to "block", would be a better indication that he has learned to use the same Language of which "block" is a part.  Thus, more generally, the 'use of Language' begins only with an independent speech-act, and, likewise, a Language-Game involves at least two players, i. e. at least two participants who have learned to use the relevant Language.