Dream, Image, Motion

The sight of a dog's legs moving while it is sleeping sometimes prompts speculation that it is dreaming of running.  Now, two analyses of that speculation are possible--either that the dream imagery is causing the movement of the legs, or the converse.  Underlying the two analyses are two different Psychic models--either motion requires some image to stimulate it, or images are concomitants, in some respect, of motility.  An example of the latter type attributes to the organism an ever-present homeostatic body image, in which an image of running represents a change of position of the legs, compounded with associated images, e. g. a familiar location that becomes the scene of the running.  But, if two accounts of the structure of the dreams of dogs are possible, then, so, too, are they possible for human dreams.  So, one criticism of Freud's method of interpreting dreams is that it arbitrarily presupposes one of two possible models of the Psyche, i. e. the first of the above two.