Tuesday, July 10, 2012

Circular Motion and Copernican Revolution

Celestial circular motion is more than a quaint astronomical feature of the Ptolemaic Geocentrism that Copernicus supplants.  For, based on Aristotle's idealization of it, circular motion is the defining characteristic of divinity.  Thus, the standard interpretation of Kant's 'Copernican revolution'--that it constitutes a mere change of perspective--abstracts from the substantive Metaphysical and Theological significance of Kant's relocation of fundamental circular motion.  Likewise, that interpretation misses the significance of the analysis of circular motion that Kant presents in the Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science.  There, he shows that the spinning of the Earth, though perceivable independent of reference to any celestial phenomenon, is, nevertheless, relative motion, i. e. is hardly divine.  Thus, the Copernican transformation that has been emphasized here--from a revolving firmament to a spinning earth--better illustrates the Metaphysical and Theological inversions entailed in Kant's own innovations than does the standard version.

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