Will, Voluntary, Deliberate

A 'voluntary' act is often characterized as one the consequences of which are considered in advance, by the performer, as possibly eventuating. That notion presupposes another--the forethought of there being any consequences at all. The latter entails a process of externalization beyond any thought of the imminent performance itself, i. e. it entails Will. Hence, what is primarily 'voluntary' in some consequential act is not the anticipation of one or another specific consequence, but in the recognition of consequentiality, in general. In contrast, an act performed with a specific outcome in mind is, more accurately, a 'deliberate' one. Thus, a deliberate act is a species of voluntary act.