Friday, May 6, 2011

Successiveness and Efficient Causality

One of the main innovations of Newtonian Physics is the elimination of three of the four types of Causality that constitute Aristotelian Physics, thereby recognizing only Efficient Causality. Kant's allegiance to Newtonian Physics is perhaps most explicit in the Critique of Pure Reason, in which Causality is plainly exclusively Efficient. Now, the critique of Newtonian Physics that that work presents, in combination with his introduction of Purposiveness and Teleology in the other Critiques, might suggest an eventual delimitation of the scope of Efficient Causality by the Kantian system. However, Kant proceeds to demonstrate how those two can also be formulated in terms of Efficient Causality. For, the apparently Teleological Means-End relation he conceives as a concept of End-Means to that End, i. e. as the Efficient Causality of a consciousness of an intention followed by acting in accordance with that intention. Now, since his concept of Causality, as has been discussed, entails a Temporality of Successiveness, the latter model of Time apparently serves him well throughout his system. However, his apparently successful application of it to even organic phenomena glosses over his own criterion that one of the cardinal features of Organism is Growth. But, Successiveness is inadequate to Growth, which requires, as has been discussed, a Cumulative model of Temporality. Likewise, Efficient Causality cannot explain Growth either. Hence, because Successiveness can be derived from Cumulation, but not vice versa, the latter is the more fundamental model of Temporality in Kant's system.

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