Friday, December 16, 2016

Humanism and Relativism

The charge that Humanism "deifies" Humankind is a moment in a special case of the Absolutism vs. Relativism debate that is a perennial Philosophical topic.  To Absolutists, Relativism is a threat because, among other features, it lacks intellectual and behavioral standards, the consequences of which are dire.  Now, usually ignored in the debate is the ambiguity of 'Relativism', which can mean either 'Subjectivism', or 'Perspectivism'.  Indeed, the former, according to which judgment is private, does elude evaluation, but that is not the case with the latter.  For, a Perspective can be more or less comprehensive, and, hence, can be subject to evaluation as, correspondingly, better or worse.  Scientific theories are judged on those terms, and Utilitarianism offers a formula for evaluating conduct as more or less comprehensively beneficial.  So, the criticism that Humanism lacks Intellectual or Moral standards is groundless.

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