Tuesday, October 18, 2016

Justice: Ancient and Modern

In the Republic, Justice consists fundamentally in the fulfillment of a natural ability, whether a part of the Soul or a member of a Polity.  Similarly, Justice in Modern Political Philosophy can be conceived as the fulfillment of a person's natural desire to be happy.  Now, that fulfillment is more commonly known in that era as Natural Right, though the latter is usually misattributed to the subject of Happiness, rather than to the experience of fulfillment.  Thus, the main distinction between the two concepts is that Plato's concept of natural potential is more determinate than its Modern correlate, i. e. implicit in the former is that happiness consists in the exercise of some natural characteristic, while no such specification limits the Modern concept of Happiness.  So, Strauss's formulation of the Ancient-Modern contrast--The Good vs. Right--is superficial, at best.

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