Tuesday, June 4, 2013

Self-Overcoming, Will to Power, Eternal Recurrence

In #13 of Beyond Good and Evil, Nietzsche asserts that a "living thing seeks above all to discharge its strength--life is will to power."  In contrast, in #349 of The Gay Science, he asserts that the "fundamental instinct of life . . . aims at the expansion of power."  Now, since the discharge of strength seems to constitute a momentary event that entails a decrease of strength, the two formulations are inconsistent, leaving his concept of Will to Power fundamentally incoherent.  To reconcile the two, i. e.to transform an exercise of strength into a gainful extension of it, an additional retentive factor is necessary.  One such retentive factor, and a very powerful one, available to Nietzsche, is the affirmation of Eternal Recurrence.  Thus, one resolution of the apparent discrepancy is to restrict the 'Will to Power' rubric to the BGE formulation, i. e. to the momentary discharge of strength, and to combine it with the affirmation of Eternal Recurrence, to yield the GS formulation, i. e. to the process of expansion, which is, thus, better termed 'Self-Overcoming'.  As a result, the fundamental principle of his system is, more accurately, Self-Overcoming, which is consistent with his assertion, in 'Of Self-Overcoming' in Thus Spoke Zarathustra, that the "secret" of life is--it is that "which must overcome itself again and again."

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